Cardiovascular physiology, blood |
Lung physiology, gases, ventilation, anaesthesia |
Life processes, reproduction, metabolism, gas exchange |
Germs, theory of diseases, drugs |
Diagnostic methods and equipment |
Materials, equipment and methods for treating disease |
Basic materials and methods in clinical medicine and medical research |
Anatomy, muscle movement, electrophysiology, sensory physiology |
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1. 1528 Dürer
Mathematics applied to human proportions and to spatial representation of the body.
5. 1604 Kepler
The mechanism of image formation and vision correctly explained for the first time.
12. 1680 Borelli
The first study of the mechanics of movements and the heart seen as a mechanical pump.
13. 1684 Kircher
Early study of the generation and propagation of sound and its medical use.
19. 1748 Jallabert
The first use of electricity for treatment of paralysis.
25. 1791 Kempelen
The first apparatus for producing speech sounds for letters and words.
26. 1800 Volta
The invention of the battery and the electric stimulation of hearing.
27. 1800 Herschel
Infrared radiation discovered.
42. 1848 Du Bois-Reymond
Exploration of the physiology of electric conduction of nerves and muscles.
43. 1850 Helmholtz
The first measurement of the velocity of nerve impulses.
89. 1953 Fant
Major advance in electronic speech analysis and synthesis.
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